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Time Window Functions

Time window functions return the inclusive lower and exclusive upper bound of the corresponding window. The functions for working with WindowView are listed below:

tumble​

A tumbling time window assigns records to non-overlapping, continuous windows with a fixed duration (interval).

Syntax

tumble(time_attr, interval [, timezone])

Arguments

Returned values

  • The inclusive lower and exclusive upper bound of the corresponding tumbling window. Tuple(DateTime, DateTime).

Example

Query:

SELECT tumble(now(), toIntervalDay('1'));

Result:

┌─tumble(now(), toIntervalDay('1'))─────────────┐
│ ('2024-07-04 00:00:00','2024-07-05 00:00:00') │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────┘

tumbleStart​

Returns the inclusive lower bound of the corresponding tumbling window.

Syntax

tumbleStart(time_attr, interval [, timezone]);

Arguments

The parameters above can also be passed to the function as a tuple.

Returned values

Example

Query:

SELECT tumbleStart(now(), toIntervalDay('1'));

Result:

┌─tumbleStart(now(), toIntervalDay('1'))─┐
│                    2024-07-04 00:00:00 │
└────────────────────────────────────────┘

tumbleEnd​

Returns the exclusive upper bound of the corresponding tumbling window.

Syntax

tumbleEnd(time_attr, interval [, timezone]);

Arguments

The parameters above can also be passed to the function as a tuple.

Returned values

Example

Query:

SELECT tumbleEnd(now(), toIntervalDay('1'));

Result:

┌─tumbleEnd(now(), toIntervalDay('1'))─┐
│                  2024-07-05 00:00:00 │
└──────────────────────────────────────┘

hop​

A hopping time window has a fixed duration (window_interval) and hops by a specified hop interval (hop_interval). If the hop_interval is smaller than the window_interval, hopping windows are overlapping. Thus, records can be assigned to multiple windows.

hop(time_attr, hop_interval, window_interval [, timezone])

Arguments

Returned values

  • The inclusive lower and exclusive upper bound of the corresponding hopping window. Tuple(DateTime, DateTime)`.
Note

Since one record can be assigned to multiple hop windows, the function only returns the bound of the first window when hop function is used without WINDOW VIEW.

Example

Query:

SELECT hop(now(), INTERVAL '1' DAY, INTERVAL '2' DAY);

Result:

┌─hop(now(), toIntervalDay('1'), toIntervalDay('2'))─┐
│ ('2024-07-03 00:00:00','2024-07-05 00:00:00')      │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

hopStart​

Returns the inclusive lower bound of the corresponding hopping window.

Syntax

hopStart(time_attr, hop_interval, window_interval [, timezone]);

Arguments

The parameters above can also be passed to the function as a tuple.

Returned values

Note

Since one record can be assigned to multiple hop windows, the function only returns the bound of the first window when hop function is used without WINDOW VIEW.

Example

Query:

SELECT hopStart(now(), INTERVAL '1' DAY, INTERVAL '2' DAY);

Result:

┌─hopStart(now(), toIntervalDay('1'), toIntervalDay('2'))─┐
│                                     2024-07-03 00:00:00 │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

hopEnd​

Returns the exclusive upper bound of the corresponding hopping window.

Syntax

hopEnd(time_attr, hop_interval, window_interval [, timezone]);

Arguments

The parameters above can also be passed to the function as a tuple.

Returned values

Note

Since one record can be assigned to multiple hop windows, the function only returns the bound of the first window when hop function is used without WINDOW VIEW.

Example

Query:

SELECT hopEnd(now(), INTERVAL '1' DAY, INTERVAL '2' DAY);

Result:

┌─hopEnd(now(), toIntervalDay('1'), toIntervalDay('2'))─┐
│                                   2024-07-05 00:00:00 │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

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